Nicotinamide ke eng?

Nicotinamide ke eng?

Nicotinamide, eo hape e tsejoang e le niacinamide kapa nicotinic acid amide, ke mofuta o qhibilihang ka metsing, o sebetsang oa vithamine B3. E 'nile ea ithutoa ka ho eketsehileng bakeng sa lipontšo tse ngata tse fapaneng tšimong eadermatology, empa ho hlokahala lipatlisiso tse eketsehileng ho hlakisa bohlokoa ba eona.

Nicotinamide ka tlhaho e teng ka bongata tomosong, nama e se nang mafura, tlhapi, linate le linaoa. Hape hangata e ekeletsoa lijo-thollong le lijong tse ling. Oral nicotinamide e fumaneha e le 20–30 mg motsoakong oa multivitamin, 'me ka boeona e le matlapa a theko e tlaase a 500-mg. E boetse e kenyelelitsoe ho tse ngatatsa sehloohomahlahana a kenyeletsang litlolo tse sireletsang letsatsi le litlolo.

Nicotinamide e sebetsa joang?

Litlamorao tse pharalletseng tsa kliniki tsa nicotinamide li ka hlalosoa ka karolo ea eona e le:

• Acellularselelekela sa matla
• Modulator eaho ruruha li-cytokine
• Aninhibitortsanuclear enzymepoly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose [ADP]) polymerase [PARP], e bapalang karolo ea bohlokoaDNAho lokisa, ho boloka botsitso ba genomic, le karabelo ea lisele ho kotsi ho kenyeletsaho ruruhaleapoptosis(lefu la sele).

Nicotinamide e sebelisetsoa eng?

Vithamine B3 ke ea bohlokoa bakeng sa bophelo bo botle; khaello e lebisa ho lefu le tebileng, pellagra. Oral nicotinamide e ka sebelisoa ka katleho ho phekola pellagra.

Nicotinamide e sebelisoang e le moriana e ka tsoela letlalo molemo ka mekhoa e mengata e fapaneng.

• Nicotinamide e na le eonaanti-inflammatorythepa, e ka sebelisoang bakeng sa ho alafa bullous (blistering) mafu.
• E ka ntlafatsa makhopho ka ketso ea eona e khahlanong le ho ruruha le ka ho fokotsa sebum.
• E ka ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea thibelo ea letlalo ka ho fokotsa tahlehelo ea metsi ka hoepidermis(karolo e ka ntle ea letlalo) ka tsela eo, e eketsa metsi a letlalo.
• E tlalehoa ho ntlafatsa letlalo, ka ho ntlafatsapigmentation, boso le bofubelu ba letlalo le tsofalang; e sebelisoa ho tse lingcosmeceuticallihlahisoa.
• E ka fokotsa actinic keratoses le kotsi ea kankere ea letlalo, haholo-holo squamous cell carcinoma.
• E 'nile ea sebelisoa ho phekola ho foqoha ha leseli la polymorphic.

Maemo a letlalo a phekoloa ka nicotinamide

• Nicotinamide ea molomo

Pemphigoid e hlaha

Motsoako oa nicotinamide oa molomo le tetracycline o bonahala e le mokhoa o mong oa bohlokoa hotsamaisoli-steroids ho phekola pemphigoid ea bullous. E nyanechefomme e bolokehile ho feta dapsone le prednisone.

Bonyane tekong e le 'ngoe ea kliniki e bulehileng e bapisa motsoako oa 500 mg ea nicotinamide, ka makhetlo a mararo ka letsatsi, le 500 mg ea tetracycline ka makhetlo a mane ka letsatsi, le prednisone, ho bakuli ba 20 ba nang le pemphigoid ea bullous, ho bile le likarabo tse hlano tse feletseng le likarabo tse hlano tse sa fellang. , sehlopheng sa nicotinamide le tetracycline ha se bapisoa le karabo e le 'ngoe e feletseng le likarabo tse hlano tsa karolo ea sehlopha sa prednisone, ka mor'a libeke tsa 8 tsa phekolo. Bakuli bohle ba bahlano ba arabelang ka ho feletseng sehlopheng sa nicotinamide le tetracycline ba ile ba lula ba se na maloetse nakong ea phekolo ea meriana ka mor'a nako ea ho latela likhoeli tsa 10, ha bakuli ba bararo ba sehlopha sa prednisone ba ne ba e-na le mafu a mangata a bakoang ke steroid tapering ka nako e tšoanang.

Kankere ea letlalo

Sebaka-liteko tse laoloang li bontšitse hore bakuli ba kotsi ba kotsi ba letsatsi ba nka nicotinamide ea molomo ba nang le keratose e ngata ea actinic le cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas ba ka lebella ho fokotseha ha palo e ncha.disoka mor'a nako e itseng. Bopaki ha bo na bonnete.

Litlamorao tse mpe tsa oral nicotinamide

Oral nicotinamide ka kakaretso e mamelloa hantle ho litekanyetso tse ka tlase ho 3 g / letsatsi. Ha e bake ho phatloha kapa ho ferekana ka mpeng, ho fapana le selelekela sa eona sa nicotinic acid. Ho tlalehoa hore e eketsa ho fufuleloa, ho phahamisa tsoekere e maling le ho bakakhatello ea mali.

Tekanyo e phahameng haholo ea nicotinamide e ka lebisa ho nyekeloa ke pelo.

• Nicotinamide ea sehlooho

Makhopho Nicotinamide, e fumaneha ka topicaltranelate,gelle mefuta ea molomo (mohlala, Nicomide®), e bontšitsoe hore e sebetsa hantle ho tlosa li-acne. Tekong ea bongaka e laoloang, 4% ea nicotinamide gel e fumanoe e sebetsa joalo ka sethibela-mafu sa 1% clindamycin gel kalafong ea acne vulgaris ho bakuli ba 76 ba nang le makhopho a itekanetseng. Boithuto bo fihletse qeto ea hore thepa e khahlanong le ho ruruha ea nicotinamide e kanna ea kenya letsoho katlehong ea eona ho makhopho. Nicotinamide e boetse e fokotsa tlhahiso ea sebum ea sefahleho.Sebume ikarabella bakeng sa khanya ea sefahleho 'me e tlatsetsa ho li-comedone tse sa chesehang le liso tsa ho ruruha ha maqoqomete. Liphello tsa teko ea bongaka e laoloang hantle ho basali ba Caucasian le Majapane li bontšitse hore tšebeliso ea 2% nicotinamide moisturizer sefahlehong bakeng sa libeke tsa 4-6 e fokotsa tlhahiso ea sebum ka phapang e khōlō ea ho khanya ha sefahleho le oli.

Gel ea Nicotinamide e rekisoa e leea lebenkelengphekolo ea li-acne Canada, Australia, NZ, UK, USA le Ireland. Haeba tšebeliso ea makhetlo a mabeli ka letsatsi e baka ho omella ho feteletseng ha letlalo, motho a ka fokotsa ho fihlela hang ka letsatsi, kapa letsatsi le leng le le leng.

Rosacea

Matšoao a kliniki le matšoao a rosacea a kenyelletsa ho omella ha letlalo la sefahleho, bofubelu le kutlo. Bonyane lithutong tse peli, li-moisturisers tse nang le nicotinamide li bonts'itsoe ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea tšitiso ea letlalo ho bakuli ba rosacea, e leng se lebisang ho fokotseng karabelo hotse hlabangho kenyeletsoa lihloekisi le litlolo.

Nicotinamide e sebetsa e le selelekela sa nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) le nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP), e leng co-li-enzyme(batsamaisi baenzymaticreactions) ea bohlokoa bakeng sa mekhoa e mengata ea metabolic. Li-co-enzyme tsena li phetha karolo ea bohlokoametabolismeatsoekere, tlhahiso ea matla a cellular, letlhahoealipids.Maemo a NADH / NADPH (mefuta e fokotsehileng ea NAD le NADP) a fokotseha ka lilemo mme nicotinamide ea lihlooho e bonahala e khutlisa ho fokotseha. Lithutong tse ngata tsa bongaka, nicotinamide e kaholimo e ntlafalitse mela e metle le masoebe, matheba a nang le mmala o mofubelu, bosootho ba letlalo (bosehla) hammoho le elasticity. Phuputso e 'ngoe e bontšitse nicotinamide ho eketsa tlhahiso ea letlalo lali-ceramide, e leng li-emollients tsa tlhaho le li sireletsang letlalo, kahoo li ntlafatsa ho phalla ha letlalo.

Asefofu habeli, taolo ea placebo, sefahleho se arohaneng, le letšehali-le letona,randomizedBoithuto ba libeke tse 12 ho basali ba 50 bo ile ba lekola litlamorao tsa nicotinamide ea 5% ho matšoao a fapaneng a botsofali ba letlalo. Bafuputsi ba tlalehile nicotinamide ea topical e bakile ntlafatso e kholo meleng e metle / wrinkles, pigmentation, sebopeho le bofubelu bo bofubelu. Boithuto bona bo ne bo tšehelitsoe ke Proctor le Gamble.

Phuputso e 'ngoe ea basali ba Majapane ba phetseng hantle ba 30 e tlalehile ntlafatso ea masoebe a mahlo ka mor'a libeke tse robeli tsa ho sebelisa setlolo se nang le nicotinamide ea 4%.

Nicotinamide e mamelloa hantle 'me hangata e ka sebelisoa ke ba sa khoneng ho mamella li-retinoids kapa li-acid tsa litholoana.

Liphello tsa anticancer

Mahlaseli a ultraviolet (UVR) ke sesosa se ka sehloohong sa kotsi ea kankere ea letlalontshetsopele.Mekhoa eo UVR e lebisang hokankereli rarahane ho kopanyelletsa le tšenyo e tobileng ho DNA le liphello tsamaisong ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung. Nicotinamide e bontšitsoe ho ntlafatsa tokiso ea tšenyo ea DNA e tobileng le e nang le oxidative ho mothokeratinocytele letlalo la motho. E na le monyetla oa ho thibelaUV- susumetsoakhatello ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung, e bontšitsoeng thutong ea baithaopi ba nang le tlhahlobo e ntle ea Mantoux (teko e ntle ea tuberculin sensitivity test). Karabelo ea Mantoux e ka hatelloa ke ho pepesehela UVR. Nicotinamide e ile ea fokotsa khatello ena ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung ha e ne e sebelisoa pele kapa ka mor'a ho pepesehela UVR (ho etsisa khanya ea letsatsi).

Tekong ea bongaka e laoloang ka mokhoa o sa reroang ho bakuli ba 50, 1% ea nicotinamide gel e ile ea sebelisoa habeli ka letsatsi hloohong, liphatleng le matsohong ka likhoeli tse ts'eletseng e ile ea fokotsa khatello ea maikutlo.bolelapalo eaprecancerousactinic keratoses ka 28%.

Nicotinamide ha e sebetse joalo ka setlolo se sireletsang letsatsi ('me ha e thibele ho chesoa ke letsatsi). Ha e na thepa ea antioxidant, empa e ka ama sekhahla sa tlatsetso, metabolism ea matla a lisele, le apoptosis (lefu la sele).

Lipampiri tse amohetsoeng ke mohloli oa tlhahisoleseling oa meriana, ho kenyeletsoa litšebeliso tse lumelletsoeng, litekanyetso, le leseli la polokeho. Sheba dathate ea motho ka mong naheng ea heno bakeng sa tlhahisoleseling mabapi le meriana.